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Resistance Training vs. Static Stretching: Effects on Flexibility and Strength

1/26/2013

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether resistance training through a full range of motion could be as effective or more effective than static stretching of the same joints.  Twenty five volunteers were randomly placed in two groups: resistance training (RT) and static stretching (SS).  The subjects hamstring extension, hip flexion, shoulder extension flexibility, and peal torque of quadriceps and hamstrings were pretested prior to completing a 5 week static stretching or resistance training intervention.  
The results concluded that there was no difference between the two groups suggesting that resistance training through a full range of motion is potentially as effective as static stretching.  
This study speaks to how important strength training through a full range of motion is.  Often athletes perform weight training with half or three quarters full range of motion.  However, as this small study begins to point out, if we can get our athletes to perform full range of motion on all strength training exercises, we can get them more flexible while improving their strength.  Larger studies with longer durations will need to be studied to support or disprove these results.  

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Concurrent Training: Strength and Aerobic Training at the same time?

1/18/2013

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Concurrent Training is a type of training that is often implemented into strength and conditioning programs for team sports, as well as individual sports.  However, we must consider the primary physiological demands of the sport.  Does it require power? Endurance? Strength? Or a combo?  What energy systems are used the most?  All of these questions should be answered when thinking about concurrent training.  
Patrick Ward is a massage therapist, certified strength and conditioning specialist, certified personal trainer, and USA weightlifting certified coach.   He holds many other certifications in active release technique, functional movement screen, and titlelist performance institute.  He is well respected in the fitness industry and owns a sports performance center in Arizona.  This article speaks to some of the important points of concurrent training.  He reports the summary of a research article about this topic in the Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research:  
  
  1. Hypertrophy and max strength did not differ between the strength only and the concurrent training groups, however, power was significantly decreased in the concurrent training group versus the strength training only group.
  2. No decrements were found in VO2max between an endurance only group or a concurrent training group which indicates that aerobic capacity may not really be inhibited by this method of programming. An interesting aside is the same result has also been seen in elite endurance athletes.
  3. Concurrently performing strength training and running led to significant decrements in hypertrophy and strength gains however this result was not found to be the case when strength training was performed concurrently with cycling. The authors hypothesized that his may be due to the fact that cycling is more biomechanically similar to many of the strength tests used in the study or since running has a higher eccentric component (while cycling is primarily concentric) there may be potential for greater muscle damage. However, despite the performance decrements, concurrent training with running led to a greater decline in fat mass versus concurrent training with cycling.
  4. While the common ground between long duration endurance training and resistance training is low (as I indicated above when discussing the interference phenomenon) there does appear to be a common ground between short duration, high-intensity, sprinting and resistance exercise due to the way the neuromuscular system is recruited for these tasks.


Additionally, he adds some of his personal thoughts based on his experience.  His article on this topic is very well thought out and researched, as are many of his blog posts.  I encourage you to read though some of his blog in your spare time as he presents a lot of very good topics.

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Plyometrics Trainability in Preadolescent Soccer Players

1/5/2013

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What age is trainable for implementing plyometrics?  This study sought to find out whether preadolescent soccer players would benefit from combined soccer specific training and plyometric training 2x/week.  
The study design was a randomized control trial with 45 participants over a 12 week span.  The authors assigned a control group that participated in only soccer practice, while the plyometric group trained twice a week with 72hrs in between sessions. 
Speed (0–10, 10– 20, 20–30 m), leg muscle power (static jumping, countermove- ment jumping, depth jumping [DJ], standing long jump [SLJ], multiple 5-bound hopping [MB5]), leg strength (10 repetition maximum), anaerobic power (Wingate testing), and soccer- specific performance (agility, kicking distance) were measured at baseline, midtraining, and post-training.  The authors found that the plyometric group had a improvement in all speed tests (1.9-3.1% at midtraining, 3.5% at posttraining) and vertical jump tests (10.5-18.5% at midtraining and 16-23% at posttraining).  Additionally, standing long jump, multiple bounding, leg strength, agility, and kicking distance were significantly increased at mid and posttraining.  
In conclusion, what we can take away from this study is that plyometric training in combination with sport-specific training can be very effective in preadolecent athletes.  It has been debated before whether chronological age and training age plays a role in plyometric benefits and although this is only one study, it gives us some indication that plyometrics can be effective in younger populations.

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  • Home
  • About Us
  • Insider Access
    • About Insider Access
  • Online Courses
    • Hooper's Knee
    • Physical Therapist Entrepreneur Course
    • Physical Therapist Consultant Course
    • Orthopedic Management of the Cervical Spine
    • Return to Sport Essentials Course
  • Resources
    • Newsletter
    • Business Minded Sports Physio Podcast
    • Day in the Life of a Sports PT
    • Residency Corner
    • Special Tests >
      • Cervical Spine >
        • Alar Ligament Test
        • Bakody's Sign
        • Cervical Distraction Test
        • Cervical Rotation Lateral Flexion Test
        • Craniocervical Flexion Test (CCFT)
        • Deep Neck Flexor Endurance Test
        • Posterior-Anterior Segmental Mobility
        • Segmental Mobility
        • Sharp-Purser Test
        • Spurling's Maneuver
        • Transverse Ligament Test
        • ULNT - Median
        • ULNT - Radial
        • ULNT - Ulnar
        • Vertebral Artery Test
      • Thoracic Spine >
        • Adam's Forward Bend Test
        • Passive Neck Flexion Test
        • Thoracic Compression Test
        • Thoracic Distraction Test
        • Thoracic Foraminal Closure Test
      • Lumbar Spine/Sacroiliac Joint >
        • Active Sit-Up Test
        • Alternate Gillet Test
        • Crossed Straight Leg Raise Test
        • Extensor Endurance Test
        • FABER Test
        • Fortin's Sign
        • Gaenslen Test
        • Gillet Test
        • Gower's Sign
        • Lumbar Quadrant Test
        • POSH Test
        • Posteroanterior Mobility
        • Prone Knee Bend Test
        • Prone Instability Test
        • Resisted Abduction Test
        • Sacral Clearing Test
        • Seated Forward Flexion Test
        • SIJ Compression/Distraction Test
        • Slump Test
        • Sphinx Test
        • Spine Rotators & Multifidus Test
        • Squish Test
        • Standing Forward Flexion Test
        • Straight Leg Raise Test
        • Supine to Long Sit Test
      • Shoulder >
        • Active Compression Test
        • Anterior Apprehension
        • Biceps Load Test II
        • Drop Arm Sign
        • External Rotation Lag Sign
        • Hawkins-Kennedy Impingement Sign
        • Horizontal Adduction Test
        • Internal Rotation Lag Sign
        • Jobe Test
        • Ludington's Test
        • Neer Test
        • Painful Arc Sign
        • Pronated Load Test
        • Resisted Supination External Rotation Test
        • Speed's Test
        • Posterior Apprehension
        • Sulcus Sign
        • Thoracic Outlet Tests >
          • Adson's Test
          • Costoclavicular Brace
          • Hyperabduction Test
          • Roos (EAST)
        • Yergason's Test
      • Elbow >
        • Biceps Squeeze Test
        • Chair Sign
        • Cozen's Test
        • Elbow Extension Test
        • Medial Epicondylalgia Test
        • Mill's Test
        • Moving Valgus Stress Test
        • Push-up Sign
        • Ulnar Nerve Compression Test
        • Valgus Stress Test
        • Varus Stress Test
      • Wrist/Hand >
        • Allen's Test
        • Carpal Compression Test
        • Finkelstein Test
        • Phalen's Test
        • Reverse Phalen's Test
      • Hip >
        • Craig's Test
        • Dial Test
        • FABER Test
        • FAIR Test
        • Fitzgerald's Test
        • Hip Quadrant Test
        • Hop Test
        • Labral Anterior Impingement Test
        • Labral Posterior Impingement Test
        • Long-Axis Femoral Distraction Test
        • Noble Compression Test
        • Percussion Test
        • Sign of the Buttock
        • Trendelenburg Test
      • Knee >
        • Anterior Drawer Test
        • Dial Test (Tibial Rotation Test)
        • Joint Line Tenderness
        • Lachman Test
        • McMurray Test
        • Noble Compression Test
        • Pivot-Shift Test
        • Posterior Drawer Test
        • Posterior Sag Sign
        • Quad Active Test
        • Thessaly Test
        • Valgus Stress Test
        • Varus Stress Test
      • Foot/Ankle >
        • Anterior Drawer
        • Calf Squeeze Test
        • External Rotation Test
        • Fracture Screening Tests
        • Impingement Sign
        • Navicular Drop Test
        • Squeeze Test
        • Talar Tilt
        • Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome Test
        • Test for Interdigital Neuroma
        • Windlass Test